Imagine you're a detective tasked with investigating and comparing the world's most famous landmarks and hidden treasures. To solve this task and create the perfect travel map, you need the right clues – words that tell you exactly where something is and how it looks in relation to others.
Iedomājies, ka tu esi detektīvs, kuram uzticēts izpētīt un salīdzināt pasaules slavenākos objektus un apslēptos dārgumus. Lai atrisinātu šo uzdevumu un izveidotu ideālu ceļojuma karti, tev ir nepieciešami pareizie pavedieni – vārdi, kas precīzi pasaka, kur kas atrodas un kā šīs vietas izskatāssalīdzinājumā ar citām.
You will become a real expert in finding places. You will learn to explain which landmarks are next to famous museums, which are hidden behind ancient castle ruins, and why the object across the park is more interesting than the one left underground. To do this, you need to know adverbs and prepositions of place. Prepare your detective's magnifying glass and let's find out – what and where is it!
Tu kļūsi par īstu vietas meklēšanas ekspertu. Tu iemācīsies paskaidrot, kuras ievērojamās vietas atrodas blakus slaveniem muzejiem, kas slēpjas aiz senām pils drupām un kāpēc objekts, kas atrodas pretī parkam, ir interesantāks par to, kas palicis apakšā zem zemes. Lai to paveiktu, ir jāzina vietas apstākļa vārdi un prievārdi. Sagatavo savu detektīva lupu un noskaidrosim – kas un kur atrodas!
Listen, read and learn new words or repeat the ones you already know.
Klausies, lasi un mācies jaunos vārdus vai atkārto jau zināmos!
ADVERBS OF PLACES
Adverbs of place describe where an action happens or where something is located. They answer the question “Where?” and usually come after the main verb or the object of a sentence.
They are generally categorized into three main types based on what they express:
1. Position and Location
These adverbs tell you exactly where an action takes place.
- here — [hɪər] — šeit
Come sit here with me.
- there — [ðeər] — tur
Put the keys there on the table.
- everywhere — [ˈev.ri.weər] — visur
I looked everywhere for my glasses.
- somewhere — [ˈsʌm.weər] — kaut kur
I put my wallet somewhere in this room, but I can't find it now.
- inside — [ɪnˈsaɪd] — iekšpuse
Did you clean the inside of the car?
- outside — [ˌaʊtˈsaɪd] — ārpuse, ārā
The kids are playing outside.
- upstairs — [ʌpˈsteəz] — augšstāvā, augšā
She ran upstairs to grab her jacket.
- downstairs — [ˌdaʊnˈsteəz] — lejā, apakšējā stāvā
I went downstairs to answer the phone
2. Direction and Movement
These adverbs indicate movement toward, away from, or in a certain direction.
- away — [əˈweɪ] — prom
The dog ran away.
- back — [bæk] — atpakaļ
He looked back and saw they were following him.
- around — [əˈraʊnd] — apkārt
We walked around the block.
- forward — [ˈfɔː.wəd] — uz priekšu
Step forward, please.
- in — [ɪn] — iekšā
Please come in.
- out — [aʊt] — ārā
Look out the window!
3. Distance
These adverbs describe how far or close a location is.
- nearby — [ˌnɪəˈbaɪ] — tuvumā
The grocery store is nearby.
- far — [fɑːr] — tālu
We never travel very far.
PREPOSITION OF PLACES
Before you start, learning preposition of places, remember what you already know from grade 3 – Vietas apstākļa vārdi, prievārdi.
- over — [ˈəʊ.vər] — pāri
She held the umbrella over both of us.
- above — [əˈbʌv] — virs
There's a mirror above the sink.
- below — [bɪˈləʊ] — zemāk
From the top of the skyscraper the cars below us looked like insects.
- beside — [bɪˈsaɪd] — blakus
Our school was built right beside a river.
- near — [nɪər] — netālu
Is there a restaurant near here?
- far from — [fɑːr,frɒm] — tālu no
The theatre is far from the centre of the city.
- among — [əˈmʌŋ] — starp (daudziem)
I saw a few familiar faces among the crowd.
- against — [əˈɡenst] — pret, pretēji
Why don't we put the bed against the wall?
- by — [baɪ] — blakus, pie
A small child stood quietly by her side.
Ievēro, ka ir vairāki sinonīmu pāri:
- next to / beside / by — blakus;
- under / below — zem, apakšā;
- over / above — virs.
Šie sinonīmi palīdz precīzi aprakstīt, kur lietas atrodas. Vārdi next to, under un by ir vienkāršāki un lieliski noder ikdienas sarunām (piemēram, sēdēt blakus draugam vai pie loga). Turpretī beside, below un above izklausās svinīgāk un bieži apraksta objektus, kas neskaras kopā (kā mākonis virs kalna). Savukārt prievārdu at izmanto tad, kad runājam par pavisam konkrētu punktu vai vietu ar noteiktu mērķi – piemēram, sēdēt pie skolas sola un mācīties.
He sat by the desk. — Viņš apsēdās pie galda. (bez kāda noteikta mērķa)
He sat at the desk and started writing his letter. — Viņš apsēdās pie rakstāmgalda un sāka rakstīt savu vēstuli. (ar noteiktu mērķi)