Turning the Active into the Passive.
1.
- Object - Subject: The object of the Active sentence becomes the subject of the Passive sentence.
- Verb: The Active form changes into the Passive form.
- Subject - Agent: The subject of the Active sentence becomes the agent of the Passive sentence.
| subject | verb | object | |
| Active | Alice | wrote | a letter. |
| subject | verb | agent | |
| Passive | A letter | was written | by Alice. |
- We use "by" before the agent.
Alice wrote a letter. - A letter was written by Alice.
- We do not normally use "by them (him, her...)/by people/by somebody/by someone...".
She wrote a letter. - A letter was written. (NOT: A letter was written by her.)
- Object pronouns become subject pronouns.
They invited me to a party. - I was invited to a party.
| Subject pronouns | Object pronouns |
| I | me |
| he | him |
| she | her |
| it | it |
| we | us |
| you | you |
| they | them |