Task 1 (10 points)
Read the text below and choose the word which best completes each sentence. Write the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D) in the gap. An example (0) has been given.
Read the text below and choose the word which best completes each sentence. Write the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D) in the gap. An example (0) has been given.
FASCINATING ISLAND
Scientists have found signs of life on one (0) of the world’s newest islands, just four years after it was created by a volcanic eruption. Unofficially known (1) Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai, it lies in the kingdom of Tonga, and is already nurturing pink flowering plants and seabirds. Tonga is (2) up of over 170 islands in the Pacific Ocean, east of Australia. The unusual island was born (3) December 2014 after an underwater volcano erupted, sending a stream of steam, ash and rock into the air. (4) the ash finally settled, it mixed with the seawater and hardened. A month later, the new island (5) . Underwater eruptions can sometimes form little islands, but they usually have shorter life-spans. However, this is one of only three new islands that have appeared in the last 150 years and lasted more (6) a few months.
NASA researcher Dan Slayback found a light-coloured, sticky clay mud on the volcanic mass, which was (7) that left him confused. The scientist did not really know what it was and where it had come from. The animal and plant life is easier to explain. It is likely that the seeds were transported by animals and birds, which probably came from the surrounding islands.
Scientists have found signs of life on one (0) of the world’s newest islands, just four years after it was created by a volcanic eruption. Unofficially known (1) Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai, it lies in the kingdom of Tonga, and is already nurturing pink flowering plants and seabirds. Tonga is (2) up of over 170 islands in the Pacific Ocean, east of Australia. The unusual island was born (3) December 2014 after an underwater volcano erupted, sending a stream of steam, ash and rock into the air. (4) the ash finally settled, it mixed with the seawater and hardened. A month later, the new island (5) . Underwater eruptions can sometimes form little islands, but they usually have shorter life-spans. However, this is one of only three new islands that have appeared in the last 150 years and lasted more (6) a few months.
NASA researcher Dan Slayback found a light-coloured, sticky clay mud on the volcanic mass, which was (7) that left him confused. The scientist did not really know what it was and where it had come from. The animal and plant life is easier to explain. It is likely that the seeds were transported by animals and birds, which probably came from the surrounding islands.
In 2017 NASA predicted that the island could last between six and 30 years. Now it seems that rain is destroying the ground, so, if heavy rain (8) , there is a real chance that the island might only be there for a decade or so. Despite this, the fact that (9) island exists at all is astonishing. “We (10) one chance to see an island like this since we got modern satellite imagery. It’s a fascinating volcano,” said the volcanologist.
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