Read the article about a series of mysterious photographs. For each statement, choose the person or people it describes according to the text.
There are three extra.
In the summer of 1917, cousins Elsie Wright and Frances Griffiths spent a lot of time near a stream in Cottingley, England. They told their families that they had seen fairies there, but the adults did not believe them. To support their story, the girls borrowed a camera and returned with two extraordinary photographs. One showed Frances with four small winged figures. The other showed Elsie with another strange figure.
Three years later, the photographs caught the attention of Edward Gardner, who was already interested in fairies. He believed the pictures might be genuine and had them examined. He then travelled to Cottingley because he wanted stronger evidence. He gave the cousins two new cameras and photographic plates with secret marks. The marks could help confirm whether somebody had secretly changed the plates. Elsie and Frances used the equipment and produced three more photographs.
By this time, another famous person had become interested. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the creator of Sherlock Holmes, believed the photographs provided evidence that fairies existed. He was preparing an article about fairies for The Strand Magazine and used the Cottingley pictures in it. His famous name helped the unusual story reach a much larger audience. Later, he also discussed the photographs in his book The Coming of the Fairies.
The mystery continued for decades. Many people questioned the pictures, but Elsie and Frances did not publicly explain the trick. In 1983, Elsie finally revealed how most of the photographs had been made. The fairies were paper figures based on illustrations in a children's book. The cousins had cut out the figures and held them in place with hatpins.
The simple method explained why Gardner's test had failed. Nobody had needed to change the photographic plates. The camera had photographed objects that were really standing in front of it.
The story also made Conan Doyle's role particularly surprising. The man who had created one of literature's greatest detectives had accepted the photographs as evidence. Meanwhile, Gardner had continued to collect information and discuss the case with people interested in it. Elsie and Frances themselves later said they had never understood why so many people had believed their pictures.
Today, the photographs remain a fascinating example of the relationship between people and media. A camera can record exactly what is in front of it while still creating a completely false impression.
Three years later, the photographs caught the attention of Edward Gardner, who was already interested in fairies. He believed the pictures might be genuine and had them examined. He then travelled to Cottingley because he wanted stronger evidence. He gave the cousins two new cameras and photographic plates with secret marks. The marks could help confirm whether somebody had secretly changed the plates. Elsie and Frances used the equipment and produced three more photographs.
By this time, another famous person had become interested. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the creator of Sherlock Holmes, believed the photographs provided evidence that fairies existed. He was preparing an article about fairies for The Strand Magazine and used the Cottingley pictures in it. His famous name helped the unusual story reach a much larger audience. Later, he also discussed the photographs in his book The Coming of the Fairies.
The mystery continued for decades. Many people questioned the pictures, but Elsie and Frances did not publicly explain the trick. In 1983, Elsie finally revealed how most of the photographs had been made. The fairies were paper figures based on illustrations in a children's book. The cousins had cut out the figures and held them in place with hatpins.
The simple method explained why Gardner's test had failed. Nobody had needed to change the photographic plates. The camera had photographed objects that were really standing in front of it.
The story also made Conan Doyle's role particularly surprising. The man who had created one of literature's greatest detectives had accepted the photographs as evidence. Meanwhile, Gardner had continued to collect information and discuss the case with people interested in it. Elsie and Frances themselves later said they had never understood why so many people had believed their pictures.
Today, the photographs remain a fascinating example of the relationship between people and media. A camera can record exactly what is in front of it while still creating a completely false impression.
1. "": A special checking method was introduced to detect a possible change to the photographic material.
2. "": The specially prepared material was successfully used to create additional photographs.
3. "": An explanation given decades later revealed the ordinary material behind the mysterious figures.
Atbilžu varianti:
Elsie and Frances
Edward Gardner
Arthur Conan Doyle
The girls’ families
Magazine readers
Elsie’s father
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