Read the text about social life in the Middle Ages. Find the word or phrase in the text that matches each description. Write 1–3 words exactly as they appear in the text.
(1) Imagine waking up in a busy European town about 700 years ago. There were no phones, internet or group chats, but relationships were still an important part of everyday life. People worked, lived, travelled and celebrated together, and many depended on others for help.
(2) A young person learning a trade often stayed in the home of a worker who already knew the job well. Several apprentices might sleep and eat in the same house. Today, we might describe another person sharing the same home as a flatmate, although people in the Middle Ages would not have used that word.
(3) Work also created many relationships. Bakers, metalworkers, tailors and other craftspeople often worked beside other people for many hours each day. In modern English, someone who works with you could be called a co-worker. People doing the same kind of work were sometimes members of a guild. A guild was a group that helped its members and checked the quality of their work.
(4) Arriving in a new town or joining a guild was not always easy. A newcomer had to learn local customs and become accepted by the people already there. Young people often spent time with others of a similar age and social position. Today, we could describe these people as a peer group.
(5) People also had a wider social circle. It could include neighbours, relatives, people from the same workshop and others they regularly met at markets, celebrations or church events. Some of these relationships were useful in everyday life, while others became much closer.
(6) Life could be difficult, so having a support network was especially valuable. Family members, neighbours and trusted friends could provide food, money, advice or help when someone was ill or had other problems. Among all these people, someone might have a close friend who they trusted very much and could talk to about personal worries.
(7) Of course, the words we use now are modern. However, the relationships behind them are not. People in the Middle Ages also needed friendship, trust, help from others and the feeling that they were accepted. Their world was very different from ours, but their need to connect with other people was surprisingly familiar.
(2) A young person learning a trade often stayed in the home of a worker who already knew the job well. Several apprentices might sleep and eat in the same house. Today, we might describe another person sharing the same home as a flatmate, although people in the Middle Ages would not have used that word.
(3) Work also created many relationships. Bakers, metalworkers, tailors and other craftspeople often worked beside other people for many hours each day. In modern English, someone who works with you could be called a co-worker. People doing the same kind of work were sometimes members of a guild. A guild was a group that helped its members and checked the quality of their work.
(4) Arriving in a new town or joining a guild was not always easy. A newcomer had to learn local customs and become accepted by the people already there. Young people often spent time with others of a similar age and social position. Today, we could describe these people as a peer group.
(5) People also had a wider social circle. It could include neighbours, relatives, people from the same workshop and others they regularly met at markets, celebrations or church events. Some of these relationships were useful in everyday life, while others became much closer.
(6) Life could be difficult, so having a support network was especially valuable. Family members, neighbours and trusted friends could provide food, money, advice or help when someone was ill or had other problems. Among all these people, someone might have a close friend who they trusted very much and could talk to about personal worries.
(7) Of course, the words we use now are modern. However, the relationships behind them are not. People in the Middle Ages also needed friendship, trust, help from others and the feeling that they were accepted. Their world was very different from ours, but their need to connect with other people was surprisingly familiar.
1. Online conversations where several people can send messages to the same group. (1)
This description corresponds to the phrase "".
2. People who make or repair things by hand and usually have special practical skills. (3)
This description corresponds to the word "".
3. In a way that is unexpected or different from what someone might normally think. (7)
This description corresponds to the word "".
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